Nothing is attested of the Proto Urianian verbal system, but we can assume that the Old Urianian categories displaying traditional forms were in place, that is: active and middle voice; indicative, imperative and subjunctive mood; present and imperfect tense. The Old Urianian s-future is probably inherited, as it is similar to the forms in other languages, like Celtic. The Old Urianian innovations, the passive mood and the perfect and pluperfect tenses, were probably not present. In some Old Urianian verbs we do have traces of an earlier reduplicated perfect, which remains functional as a derivative mechanism, and the reduplicated perfect can thus be postulated with some degree of probability as a feature of Proto Urianian. Syncope of the root vowel is known from Old Urianian, but less frequent in the older texts, and we are assuming here that this feature was absent from Proto Urianian.
The following is a reconstructed paradigm of the thematic verb kōb-, bend, which shows a reduplicated perfect:
Active indicative |
present |
imperfect |
perfect |
future |
1.sg. |
*kōbó |
*ékōbom |
*kékōb |
*kōbsóm |
2.sg. |
*kōb'ē |
*ékōbes |
*kékōbet |
*kōbsés |
3.sg |
*kōb |
*ékōbet |
*kékōb |
*kōbsét |
1.pl. |
*kubmón |
*ékubmes |
*kékubem |
*kubsomés |
2.pl. |
*kubét |
*ékubet |
*kékub |
*kubseté |
3.pl. |
*kubó |
*ékubont |
*kékubēr |
*kubsónt |
Active subjunctive |
present |
imperfect |
future |
1.sg. |
kubiém |
ékōbjem |
kubsiém |
2.sg. |
kubiés |
ékōbjes |
kubsiés |
3.sg. |
kubiét |
ékōbjet |
kubsiét |
1.pl. |
kubimé |
ékōbim |
kubsimé |
2.pl. |
kubité |
ékōbit |
kubsité |
3.pl. |
kōbínt |
ékōbint |
kōbsínt |
Middle indicative |
present |
imperfect |
future |
1.sg. |
kōbá |
ékōb |
kōbsá |
2.sg. |
kōbotá |
ékōbot |
kōbsotá |
3.sg. |
kōbó |
ékōb |
kōbsó |
1.pl. |
kōbomzá |
ékōbomz |
kōbsomzá |
2.pl. |
kōbzú |
ékōbzu |
kōbsezú |
3.pl. |
kōbró |
ékōbur |
kōbsoró |
Middle subjunctive |
present |
imperfect |
future |
1.sg. |
kubiá |
ékōbi |
kōbsiá |
2.sg. |
kubitá |
ékōbit |
kōbsitá |
3.sg. |
kubitó |
ékōbit |
kōbsitó |
1.pl. |
kubiméz |
ékōbimz |
kōbsimz |
2.pl. |
kubizué |
ékōbizu |
kōbsizué |
3.pl. |
kōbiró |
ékōbir |
kōbsiró |
Imperative |
|
2.sg. |
kubéz |
3.sg. |
kōbtód |
2.pl. |
kōbtód |
3.pl. |
kubént |
Uriania home Back to Proto-Urianian